Air Lift Fermenter

Airdrop Fermenter Outline : Aging is a procedure include microbial cells to breakdown or catabolise the natural mixes into littler particles. Maturation is performed under oxygen consuming or anaerobic conditions. The finished results of aging are our day by day items, for example, liquor, nutrients, proteins rennets, anti-toxins, for example, penicillin and lactic corrosive. In the maturation procedure, it is essential to keep up ideal blending and air circulation in the response. Ideal blending is to guarantee best measure of items transformation just as to maintain a strategic distance from wastage of biomass and substrate. Though, air circulation is the oxygen move rate, likewise the rate-constraining advance in the high-impact bioprocess which is significant in plan, activity and scale-up of bioreactors. Blending and air circulation in the fermenter is done via carrier or mechanical fomenters. Airdrop fermenter utilizes air infused from the base of its draft-tube, while mechanical sort utilizes engine driv en shaft instigator. Both of the carrier and mechanical instigator are vary in blending, air circulation, organic effectiveness, vitality utilization, activity and development, application and cost. Various kinds of maturation biomass and substrates trademark is the factor to decide sorts of airdrop or mechanical instigators to be utilized. Presentation : Advances of biotechnology today has been utilizing microbiology in various impression of the common procedures to deliver our day by day items, for example, cheddar, anti-infection agents, alcohols, biofuel, hormones, microbial catalysts, for example, rennets and nutrients. The procedure utilized to create these items is known as maturation, in which catabolism of natural compound occur. The breakdown of the natural mixes is performed by microorganisms under vigorous and anaerobic conditions to yield final results that are our every day items as referenced (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). During the time spent aging, the microbial cells acquire vitality through glycolysis to separate the intricate natural mixes to more straightforward particles. As a rule, the side-effect of the procedure is discharged by the cell as CH3)2CO, lactic corrosive and liquor. Throughout the entire existence of maturation, in year 1680 Antony van Leeuwenhoek was the main researcher find the procedure through aging lager under perception with magnifying lens (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Afterward, in the nineteenth century, Louise Pasteur found and comprehended the way toward aging liquor by utilizing yeast to change over sugar to liquor and carbon dioxides(Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). In addition, in 1929 Alexander Fleming found the creation of anti-toxins Penicillin to battle against microscopic organisms contamination (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). From that point forward, different anti-infection agents are created by maturation utilizing different microscopic organisms and growths. There are a few elements to be taken into accounts as structuring the fermenters, for example, scale-up issues, fermenter types, impeller types, immobilized frameworks, fringe gear and fermenter estimations. Impeller assumes an essential job in blending during maturation since it keeps up ideal substrate and biomass focus in the fermenter all through the entire procedure. It additionally keeps the solids suspended, scatter oxygen to keep most extreme absolute air pocket surface zone and ensnare air pockets to stay away from the air escape before all the oxygen is broken up (Freitas C. et al. 2000). On a very basic level, there are 2 contraption utilized for blending which are the mechanical instigators and the carrier fermenters. Airdrop fermenters are some of the time known as the air pocket section, can be separated into free ascent, draft tube, propeller-helped and siphoned fluid fly helped. Airdrop fermenter Airdrop fermenter is a proficient contactor for the responses included gases, fluids and solids. There are two kinds of carrier fermenters which are the inward circle and the outer circle. The interior circle has a draft tube in its internal cylinder, in which the up-streaming gasses fluid and the down-streaming fluid is isolated by the draft tube. Draft tubes are utilized in certain procedures to advance better mass exchange, blending and initiating circulatory movement to diminish bubble combination. The outer circle has two streams stream in two separate channels associated at top and base. Along these lines, the carrier fermenters improve the flow and oxygen move and balance shear powers in the reactor. Both of the interior and outside circle airdrop fermenters have been researched to the hydrodynamic conduct and other plan factors (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). The figure underneath shows the structure of a transport bioreactor with an inner circle. In contrast to the mechanical fomentation framework, transport fermenters don't have engine, shaft and impeller cutting edges. All things considered, the blend inside the fermenters is disturbed by infusing air from the base of the cylinder. Clean air is infused into the fermenters if the microorganism is vigorous, while for the anaerobic microorganism is taken care of with dormant gas (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Blending in airdrop fermenters is extremely delicate thus it is appropriate for group culture of shear touchy cells and tissues, for example, the mammalian and plant cells (European patent application 2009). In like manner, high shearing pressure makes harm cells could be maintained a strategic distance from. Cluster culture of plant and creature cells can be cost escalated. Notwithstanding, in situations where the interest for the plant or creatures culture items is low and bunch cycles are long, the high capital expense can reject the prudent creation (European patent application 2009). One of the utilization of airdrop fermenters is the huge scope creation of monoclonal antibodies (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Mechanical Agitators Blended tank fermenters are most generally utilized in aging. It is a round and hollow vessel with a fomenter driven by engine to mix the blend substance in the tank. There two sorts of fomenter utilized which are the top-section stirrer and the base passage stirrer. The top passage stirrer is all the more normally utilized on the grounds that the activity is simpler to oversee, progressively dependable and hearty, while the base section model is seldom to be utilized. The seat scale fermenters are generally made of borosilicate glass with a hardened steel top. In the research center, top-section stirrer is utilized, which comprise of an engine appended to the pole and along with impellers (Bloch H.P. what's more, Soares C. 2007). The criterias of assembling the fermenters are the high evaluation of hardened steel, a very much cleaned interior surface to forestall bond of substance to the fermenters dividers, and contain smooth joints and liberated from pin gaps to maintain a strateg ic distance from de-blending. The normal volume of the fermenter utilized in the research facility is extend from 1 to 100 liters (Bloch H.P. furthermore, Soares C. 2007). The figure underneath is the fundamental structure of a blended tank fermenter. There are a few classifications of mechanical blending hardware, the sorts of mechanical drivers require to suit speed, shaft and force; the sorts of impellers utilized for explicit procedure, the necessities to seal the tanks to against high weight brought about by the procedures and adjustment of the impellers gadgets and the consistent course in the tank (Bloch H.P. what's more, Soares C. 2007). The primary reason for the mechanical instigator is to give homogenous blending, give air circulation and expulsion of waste vaporous, for example, carbon dioxide delivered during the aging procedure. For the most part, the fomenter is comprised of engine driven shaft with impellers of 4 to 6 sharp edges. A few sorts of impellers are all the more ordinarily utilized which are Rushton edge or plate turbine, open turbine impellers and marine impellers. Among the three, Rushton turbine is most usually utilized in light of the fact that its structure is progressively straightforward, simple activity strategies and its strength (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). Figure 3 and 4 show the structure of Ruston turbine and marine impeller. Be that as it may, blending in the fermenter is poor and vitality serious as scaling up the procedure. The issue caused will influence the focus, response rate and warmth expulsion. In this way, confuses will be utilized in the maturation procedure to forestall vitality squander in mass dissemination and to present fluid slurry disturbance so as to guarantee better blending, better suspension of solids and better maintenance of air bubbles. The perplexes are fixed on the mass of the fermenters. Both of the activity of instigators and astound produce hub and spiral stream designs in the blending substance and forestall development of vortex (Fermentation, Chapter 1 2009). This article is excluded from your associations membership. In any case, you might have the option to get to this article under your associations concurrence with Elsevier. Thoroughly analyze the overall benefits of airdrop and mechanical fomenter Carrier and mechanical instigator are broadly utilized in concoction and bioprocessing response as the effective machine for mass and warmth move. Both of the fermenters are applied in various sorts of blend nature. For example, transport fermenter has delicate tumult and minimal effort oxygen move, thus it is just reasonable for less thick fluid. Though, mechanical instigator fermenter perform ineffectively in profoundly gooey non-Newtonian media, not circulated air through at high rate and has generally poor blending design as contrast with the carrier fermenter. In any case, the mechanical fermenter has more extensive scope of use when contrasted with the transport fermenter (Abashar M. E. E. 2002). Natural productivity As far as organic proficiency, the mechanical sort of fermenter is progressively proficient as contrast with the carrier fermenter. Notwithstanding, because of the straightforwardness activity of carrier fermenter, it is valuable in the lab educating and inquire about. In a research center examination, carrier fermenter has effectively produce anti-microbials, proteins, microbial cells and nutrients for microbial investigation (AIR-LIFT LABORATORY FERMENTOR 2009). Activity and development The activity of the transport fermenter is a lot of straightforward and simpler than the mechanical

Martian Chronicles Essays - Fiction, Science Fiction,

Martian Chronicles Beam Bradbury's the Martian Chronicles is an advanced anecdote about space travel, attack and planet colonization. Breaking down characters in this twenty-eight-section novel is amazingly troublesome on the grounds that each part incorporates various characters, which are arranged to frame the plot. Every section's characters are utilized to show the establishing of the planet Mars, the colonization of it, the devastation of Earth and nearly the entire human race, lastly the modifying of the human development on Mars. The story begins in the year of 1999 and closures twenty after seven years in 2026. Beam Bradbury doesn't simply recount to his story from the perspective of the space explorers and the colonizers, be that as it may, from furious Martians who were attempting to execute the people or Martians later on who were simply having a discussion with a human about Mars, likewise individuals seeing the incredible pioneer change occur. Chief Wilder was the skipper of the fourth endeavor to Mars from Earth. The three campaigns before had fizzled in light of the fact that either the Martians deceived and slaughtered the earthlings or the earth individuals were thought of as intellectually sick and sent to a medical clinic on Mars. Later on in the story when there are towns on Mars, the not very many Martians are not separated against in light of the fact that the individuals on Mars were thoughtful individuals who were looking for new things and seeing Martians was uncommon. Fortunately the minor human disorder, chicken pox, had slaughtered off a large portion of the Martians coincidentally. Skipper Wilder and his team investigated the planet and reacted to Earth to state that the missions were fruitful, and with just a couple of complexities. Commander Wilder with his Crew of Jeff Spender, Hathaway, Sam Parkhill, Cheroke, Gibbs and a couple of other men help start to depict the subject of the story, by discovering Mars and seeing that it was safe (this was in the start of the story, yet in the last a few parts they are brought back as veterans of Mars when it is abandoned). The topic is that people are not an extraordinary race of colonizers, however they are extremely just damaging. Every one of that was left for Earth to do was send the pioneers to colonize Mars. Jeff Spender was a peaceful individual; the team called him, the Lonely One. When Jeff arrived at Mars, he was shocked on how people had executed this Martian race by a measly youngster disturbance to certain kids. He left the gathering what's more, realized as much as possible about their language and culture. In the long run Jeff lost control with people since he realized what they would do to what was left of the outsider culture when they colonize Mars. He said that not at all like people this race didn't inquire as to why we are here, they just appreciated and lolled in the beams of life. The Martian culture was superb and Jeff didn't need it to be pulverized. In this manner his objective was not to let anybody colonize Mars. Jeff went back to Wilder's camp and shot Gibbs whom he extraordinarily loathed on account of his youthful hatred towards the Martian culture. He at that point shot four additional men who were having lunch calmly. Skipper Wilder was an intense and sullen figure and additionally an old buddy of Jeff Spender. Jeff imagined that Wilder would comprehend his thinking, yet he wasn't right. More stunning didn't care for that Jeff had murdered his mates and associates. In the long run after a long pursue through the slender demeanor of Mars, Wilder talked it over with Spender, yet clearly they didn't concur over this issue. This outer clash was illuminated and completed when Jeff was at long last shot before he could stop the colonization of Mars by executing all space explorers. Chief Wilder's endeavor was effective. After this strategic complete, Captain Wilder was sent with his group to Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune for investigating. I heard they had kicked you upstairs so you wouldn't meddle with frontier approach here on Mars, shouted Mr. Hathaway in 2026 in the wake of meeting up again with Captain Wilder. Commander Wilder had not changed since that fourth undertaking to Mars; he was as yet the equivalent genuine and gutsy character, aside from somewhat more seasoned obviously. Chief Wilder and his team, Mr. Hathaway and his family, two others left who didn't return to Earth and another family were the main individuals left on Mars. They were accountable for revamping humankind on Mars in light of the fact that the Earth was being demolished in a twenty-year universal war. Human progress was starting from the very beginning once more. This book is

Conversion Disorder Overview Risk Factors and Symptoms

Conversion Disorder Overview Risk Factors and Symptoms Phobias Print Conversion Disorder Overview: Risk Factors and Symptoms By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by on January 23, 2020 Markus Spiering/EyeEm/Getty Images More in Phobias Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Understanding the medical definition of conversion disorder (also known as functional neurological symptom disorder), along with its symptoms and risk factors, is the first step toward getting help for yourself or someone you love. Overview Conversion disorder is a psychological condition that causes symptoms that appear to be neurological, such as paralysis, speech impairment, or tremors. It is a relatively rare mental illness  with fewer than 25 cases reported in a population of 100,000, according to the National Organization for Rare Diseases.  It is categorized as a type of somatoform disorder  according to the  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5),  the leading diagnostic guide for the mental health profession. Theres typically a sudden onset of symptoms that affect voluntary motor or sensory function â€" and these symptoms can disappear just as suddenly, without any physiological reason.  The symptoms can be about any neurological deficit imaginable, including paralysis, loss of voice (aphonia), disturbances in coordination, temporary blindness, loss of the sense of smell (anosmia) or touch (anesthesia). Diagnosis The DSM-5 offers several specific criteria for diagnosing conversion disorder, including:   There must be at least one symptom of sensory or motor impairment.Symptoms are not caused by neurological condition, physical disease, or substance abuse.Symptoms are preceded by conflict or psychological stress.Symptoms are not better explained by somatization disorder or another psychological condition. Risk Factors Conversion disorder is usually caused by a psychological reaction to a highly stressful event or emotional trauma. For example,  a soldier who subconsciously wishes to avoid firing a gun may develop paralysis in his or her hand.  The disorder does not necessarily develop right away, though, so its important to disclose recent and past stress when speaking to your therapist. Other risk factors of conversion disorder include: Being female; women have a higher risk of developing the disorderHaving a mental health condition, including mood or anxiety disorders, dissociative identity disorder (formerly known as multiple personality disorder) or other personality disordersHaving a neurological disease, such as epilepsyHaving a family member with conversion disorderBeing highly conscientious, hard-working, compulsive and a perfectionistA history of physical or sexual abuse and neglect as a child Symptoms The physical symptoms of conversion disorder are often described as your bodys way of dealing with the unresolved stress or unexpressed emotions that triggered the disorder. In other words, the physical symptoms distract the person from the emotional duress. Conversion disorder typically affects movement function as well as the senses. Some common red flags include: Weakness or paralysisAbnormal walking or tremorsLoss of balanceTrouble swallowing or feelings of a lump in your throatSeizures or convulsionsEpisode of unresponsivenessNumbness or loss of the sensation of touch  Slurred speech or inability to speakBlindness or double visionDeafness or problems hearing

Is Us Based Online Gambling Under Threat - 1629 Words

Article 7 – Is US based online gambling under threat? For years, the online gambling industry has fought tooth and nail for the right to have a legal presence in the United States. This is because for all that the country presents in terms of freedom, they still maintain a strong stance against online gambling. It wouldn’t be until 2011 that certain states cleared online gambling, while 47 others still have it on a â€Å"TBC† list. The three states (Delaware, New Jersey, and of course Nevada) who have stepped out to become the first US states to authorize online gambling having been reaping the rewards. But given the Republican outlook on online gambling, could the already limited field be under threat? Online gambling first arrived in the†¦show more content†¦It is evident that while there is support for online gambling in the US, the rumblings of discontent are getting louder. Sheldon Adelson was the initial man trumpeting the cause for outlawing online gambling, it is clear that he has now found support in Senator Graham and Senator Rubio. Many within the online casino industry are dually worried about what a change in law would truly mean to the fledging industry, with one particular entity being under serious threat. Online lotteries are one of the leading forms of online gambling, but could be put under threat due to the proposal. What makes the situation bizarre is that state lottery tickets could still be purchased over the counter, while horseracing would still be legal, yet online lotteries like the popular Mega Millions could be doomed. Online gambling has been a big hit around the world and is starting to find a strong audience within US borders. But the reality is that the entire field could be outlawed before it has even really got started. Due to the new proposal, the future of online gambling looks fairly murky. Largely, as many are unsure if the change of presidential party could result in a change of direction for online gambling for the worse. It seems that over the next 12 months, online casino gambling in the US could be on the brink of a true boom or bust phase. Article 8 – NetEnt arrives in New Jersey with Caesars

The Culture Of The United States - 997 Words

The United States is made up of different cultural groups that often been Americanized, due to the cultural dominance. The dominant culture in a society is seen in a group of members that are the majority or has more power over other culture groups. American culture dominances is seen through their values. America is materialized culture; their culture is seen through the value American dream, style, food and political values. The diffusion of cultural dominance in America has been causing negative effect for other cultures. The dominant culture in America has been increasing and influencing other cultures ever since the 3rd agricultural revolution in the 19th century, it is seen through the way food is mainly process, the distribute and available to the people, and how food is mostly consume. Long ago, the way food was produced solely relied on the physical work of humansÍ ¾ nowadays in America, machinery does most of the work, such as acting as caretakers, harvesters, and packagers. Humans are still working in the process of production, but machinery does the work faster, which creates more food for availability in the market. One thing humans have been working on throughout different eras is types of preservation, so food doesn’t spoil quickly. More advancements in preservation have increased the variety of food that is available throughout all seasons. With technological advances, it gave an increased scale to the food industry that would forever change it and the livesShow MoreRelatedCulture And Culture Of The United States1381 Words   |  6 PagesMany cultures are recognized in the United States, the question is where did they all come from?, and how does integration of cultural choices influence today s culture? To understand this you have to understand hi story. The people of today, their ancestors, have all migrated to different places throughout the united states so you could say that we are all immigrants. Many cultures are rather similar to others because they have migrated from the same parts of the world, but yet some show a majorRead MoreThe Culture Of The United States1057 Words   |  5 PagesWithin each culture you will find various items called material culture that is associated with that cultural group in a certain way (Little, 2014). These items may or may not be unique to that specific culture. However, these items represent the different ideas or beliefs of that culture. These ideas and beliefs are referred to as the nonmaterial culture (Little, 2014). In the United States there are shared ideas about certain material culture that stretches from coast to coast. Some of the ideasRead MoreThe Culture Of The United States Essay2213 Words   |  9 PagesCulture is very important to individuals, especially for those wh o reside in the culturally-diverse United States. 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InRead MoreUnited Arab : Culture And The United States964 Words   |  4 PagesUnited Arab Emerites Culture In February of 1971, President His Highness Sheikh Azayden bin Sultan AI Nahyan united six states from the United Arab Emirates (â€Å"UAE,† 2015). The six states are Abu Dhabi, Ajmna, Dubai, Fijairah, Sharjah and Umm Al Quwain. This established the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The next year, United States of America became the third country to establish formal diplomatic relations with UAE. In 1972 the United States established its Embassy in Abu Dhabi which resultedRead MoreSouthern United States Culture1343 Words   |  5 PagesSouthern United States Culture The Southern United States is a very interesting place, full of culture and history, such as the Civil War battlefields or the antique shops that you see along the side of the road as you drive through this beautiful part of the United States. 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A constitution is an agreement that representRead MoreCulture Shock Of The United States Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesCulture Shock has played a tremendous role in the growth of cultural ecology because it is an issue that is constantly growing all over the world. In the United States, it may not seem like things are changing involving culture shock, but it is not any different then the changes in places like Africa and China for example. It is developing equally across the world because there are now more ways to travel. So, what exactly is culture shock anyways? Well, it is known as going to a foreign or unfamiliar

The Main Purpose of Farce Free Essays

The main purpose of farce is to make people laugh, so as a result the laughter connects people and becomes a means of agreement among them. Ratajczakowa distinguishes five types of texts according to their level of comedy and association with farce or comedy: The low comical that uses only means of farce to induce laughter; The moderately that uses using humour as a way of expression and intellectualisation; The highly comical that limits humour and uses various aesthetic categories to bring a smile and emotion to the addressee; The tragicomic that connects non comical matters with comical representations which makes the audience confused and evokes contrasting emotions; The non comical abandoning humour that does not even try to evoke a pleasant mood. Further distinctions between comedy and farce are noticeable at the level of structure as well as the rules of creation. We will write a custom essay sample on The Main Purpose of Farce or any similar topic only for you Order Now The author of a comedy could present the ability to create based on the principles of drama. Also, comedy marks the probability and avoidance of absurdity, so it represents a closed entity with an ordered storyline. Surprise is the main source of its humour. Farce is funded on none of these principles, since it is much more independent, disordered, and amorphic. It is a way of expressing mockery of a lower class of the world, so that the body language is the language of farce. With time, these two genres have evolved in a complex relation to each other, it is even believed that without farce’s vulgarity and carnality, comedy would be tedious. 1.3. Physical humour With time, salacious jokes and physical humour have been added to the concept of low comedy, so the concept of physical humour has become extremely popular among comedians. The so-called â€Å"slapstick comedy† is based on violent acts, but presented in a hilarious form. Many slapstick comedians perform without speaking, because their performance was supposed to be more about amusing movement than verbal content. For this reason, they have to be extremely expressive. The contemporary name of this kind of physical How to cite The Main Purpose of Farce, Papers

The more a society seeks to disempower its people free essay sample

In the novel Of Mice and Men, the author John Steinbeck suggests that although society can seek to disempower people for reasons they cannot necessarily control, this can empower the individual spirit to thrive. There are various factors as to why society seeks to disempower people, such as ethnicity, sex, intelligence and wealth. In Of Mice and Men the characters are all disempowered by society in some way and yet all find a way to thrive and to overcome these setbacks. The dreams and aspirations as well as companionship of the characters shown throughout the novel give them great sense of purpose and empowers them to succeed and have hope for the future. However empowerment does not always end in success, and sometimes society’s opinions and standards cannot be beaten. Steinbeck addresses the issues of disempowerment through society in the setting of the Great Depression in America, a time when the most valuable thing an individual could have is hope. We will write a custom essay sample on The more a society seeks to disempower its people or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Of Mice and Men, characters George and Lennie both are disempowered through society due to their wealth and social status, as well as intelligence and strength, however they both deal with this disempowerment through their strong companionship with one another. George is physically small but is intelligent and has a very strong personality. In contrast, his companion Lennie is huge and powerful yet has very little intelligence. They are both low on the pecking order as ranch workers. What makes them different from any other of the workers is their companionship for one another. This companionship encourages and drives them to work harder and to overcome setbacks. George is disempowered through society because of his size, therefore rarely has power of anybody. George senses this and finds comfort in the control and power he has over his companion, Lennie. He feels a purpose to look after him because he cannot look after himself. George says to Lennie on page 15, ‘We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us. We don’t have to sit in no bar room blowin’ our jack jus’ because we got no place else to go. If them other guys gets in jail they can rot for all anybody gives a damn. But not us’ He says this to Lennie whilst explaining how all the other men working on ranches are lonely and don’t have anything to look forward to. He is telling Lennie that for them it is different, and even though they have a tough situation, not having much money, they can make it through because they have each other. Their self-belief and self-worth does not rely on social affirmation. Their companionship encourages them to strive and gives them hope for the future. Although to society, George and Lennie are just two average ranch workers, their comfort in one another gives them a sense of purpose. George and Lennie’s spirits also thrive through their dreams and aspirations. They are disempowered by society because of their social status as ranch workers. They don’t earn much money and the average ranch worker doesn’t really do anything else with their life other than work out on the ranch and blow all their money on alcohol. For Lennie and George, they have determination and thrive to get where they want to be. They both have a dream. On page 56, George describes their future to Lennie, ‘We gotta get a big stake together. I know a little place we can get cheap, but they ain’t givin’ it away. ’ George then goes on to tell Lennie about all the things they will if they get the place together. He is telling Lennie about where they will end up not only to tell him what he wants, but also to give Lennie hope. He wants his companion to have a sense of purpose and know that all his hard work will pay off in the end. This idea of having somewhere to end up and having a future together gives them hope. Not only hope but also it empowers them to work as hard as they can so they can make the aspiration a reality. Although society disempowers them through their social status, it doesn’t stop Lennie and George’s determination and drive to get to where they want to be. Their aspirations of owning a place together makes their spirits thrive. However, dreams and aspirations can have the opposite effect and damage someone’s self-worth and disempower them. In the novel, Curley’s wife faces disempowerment by society because she is a woman, just the fact that Steinbeck didn’t give her a name throughout the whole novel ties in with the lack of respect a woman had in the time that the novel was set. Steinbeck reveal Curley’s wife’s back-story in the noval towards the end, when she tells Lennie about how a man she once met promised to put her in a film. She tells Lennie on page 87, ‘He says he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural. ’ She expresses this as a dream to Lennie. The way she talks about herself being a ‘natural’ symbolizes that she believed in herself too, it also shows some vulnerability that she includes what he says as if to prove to Lennie she was a good actress. She never heard back from the man and her dream did not come true, she lost her self-belief. She then went and married Curley as she didn’t have any other choice because women in those days had to rely on a man for financial security. There is great sadness in her marriage with Curley because she never loved him. Steinbeck suggests in Of Mice and Men that sometimes the only escape from disempowerment is death. In the chapter in which Curley’s wife reveals her dream, she is killed accidentally by Lennie. After her death, her true self-worth is revealed. You can see this through the language Steinbeck uses to describe the scene, ‘Now her rouged cheeks and her reddened lips made her seem alive and sleeping very lightly’. He creates a sense of peace with Curley’s wife as she lies there dead on the barn floor. He uses descriptive language about her sleeping lightly as if to say she is finally happy and content with herself now that she is dead. He then goes on to say, ‘Her face was sweet and young. ’ Again contrasting with when she was alive and was more dangerous for men on the ranch but now he describes her innocence. Curley’s wife, now dead, has finally found peace. She has escaped societies disempowerment through her life ending. Throughout the novel Steinbeck suggests many issues through society in which people are disempowered through their physical appearance, sex, social status and intelligence. However sometimes the individual spirit thrives through disempowerment, through dreams and aspirations and companionship. However this is not always the case and sometimes societies standards and opinions cannot be beaten, ending in loss of self-belief and self worth. Of Mice and Men describes what life was like back in the Great Depression and how societies disempowerment can have great effects on an individuals spirit.